PANSALT:

1. Το PANSALT στερείται ουσιαστικά κάθε επιβλαβούς παρενέργειας που χαρακτηρίζει το κοινό αλάτι.
2. Το PANSALT βελτιώνει θεαματικά τα αποτελέσματα των φαρμάκων που χρησιμοποιούνται στη θεραπεία της υψηλής αρτηριακής πίεσης.

Επίσης, το κάλιο και το μαγνήσιο που περιέχει το PANSALT επιταχύνουν την απομάκρυνση του χλωριούχου νάτριου από το σώμα. Η επιτάχυνση του μεταβολισμού έχει ως αποτέλεσμα ότι το σώμα δεν κρατάει τα περιττά υγρά.

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ON THE MINERAL SALT COMPOSITIONS INVENTED BY PROFESSOR HEIKKI KARPPANEN, M.D.

Rationale of the mineral salt inventions, and the UK patents grated to the inventions

Karppanen H.: Rationale of "New Salt" - Mineral Salt.
Exportprint Ltd., Finland, 1980.

Patent of the old mineral salt compositions:
Karppanen H., Bergqvist E.: Common salt composition.
UK Patent GB 2015863 B
15th December 1982

Patent of the improved new mineral salt compositions:
Karppanen H., Karppanen L.: Physiologically acceptable sodium chloride substitute.
UK patent GB 2159413 B
11th November 1987

Published studies with the old mineral salt compositions on animals

Dietz R., Schomig A., Rascher W., Strasser R., Ganten U., Kubler W.:
Partial replacement of sodium by potassium in the diet restores impaired noradrenaline (NA) inactivation and lowers blood pressure in SHR-SP.
Abstract 108, Eighth Scientific Meeting of the International Society of Hypertension, Milan 1981
(Place of the study: Heidelberg, Germany)

Yamori Y., Kihara M., Nara Y., Ooshima A:
Effects of sodium reduction on Na/K ratio and blood pressure.
Proceedings of a Nordic Meeting on "Salt and Hypertension", pp. 155-171. Cederroths AB, Stockholm, 1982.
(Place of the study: Kyoto, Japan)

Karppanen H.:
Role of electrolytes and digitalis-like activity in hypertension: Effects of digitoxin, sodium, potassium and magnesium on blood pressure.
Annals of Clinical Research 1984; 16, suppl. 43, 62-66.
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Published studies with the old mineral salt compositions on humans

Karppanen H., Tanskanen A., Tuomilehto J., Puska P., Vuori J., Jantti V., Seppanen M.-L.:
Safety and effects of potassium- and magnesium-containing low sodium salt mixtures.
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 1984; 6: S236-S243.
(Two separate studies published together. Places of the study: Study 1 in Oulu, Finland and Study 2 in Kuopio, Finland).

Geleijnse J.M., Witteman J.C.M., Bak A.A.A., den Breijen J.H., Grobbee D.E.:
Reduction in blood pressure with a low sodium, high potassium, high magnesium salt in older subjects with mild to moderate hypertension.
British Medical Journal 1994; 309: 436-440
(Place of the study: The Netherlands)

Geleijnse I.M., Witteman J.C.M., Bak A.A.A., den Breijen I.H., Grobbee D.E.:
Long-term moderate sodium restricition does not adversely affect the serum HDL total .- cholesterol ratio.
Journal of Human Hypertension 1995; 9: 975-979
(Place of the study: The Netherlands)

Published studies with the improved new mineral salt composition (Pan Salt) on animals

Karppanen H.:
New oral salt in treatment of high blood pressure.
Magnesium 1989; 8: 274-287
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Mervaala E., Himberg I-I., Laakso I., Tuomainen P., Karppanen H.:
Beneficial effects of a potassium- and magnesium-enriched salt alternative.
Hypertension 1992; 19: 535-540
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Mervaala E.M.A., Laakso I., Karppanen H.:
Cardiovascular effects of felodipine are not antagonized by dietary salt.
European Iournal of Pharmacology 1994; 255: 73-79
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Mervaala E.M.A., Laakso I., Himberg I-I., Karppanen H.:
Replacement of regular salt by a novel salt alternative improves the cardiovascular effects of the ACE inhibitor enalapril.
Hypertension Research 1994; 17: 59-69
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Mervaala E.M.A., Paakkari I., Laakso I., Nevala R., Teravainen T., Fyhrquist F., Vapaatalo H., Karppanen H.:
Replacement of salt by a novel potassium-, and magnesium-enriched salt alternative improves the cardiovascular effects of ramipril.
British Journal of Pharmacology 1994; 111: 1189-1197
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Mervaala E.M.A., Laakso I., Vapaatalo H., Karppanen H.:
Improvement of cardiovascular effects of metoprolol by replacement of common salt with a potassium- and magnesium-enriched salt alternative.
British Iournal of Pharmacolology 1994; 112: 640-648
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Mervaala E.:
A potassium-, magnesium-, and e-lysine-enriched mineral salt. Cardiovascular and renal effects and interactions with antihypertensive drugs in the rat.
Doctoral thesis, pp. 1-94, Helsinki 1995
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Published studies with the improved new mineral salt composition (Pan Salt) on humans

Puolanne E., Saarela E., Ruusunen M.:
The effect of NaC1-KC1-MgSO4-mixture (PanR) on the quality of cooked sausages.
Procedings of the 34th International Congress of Meat Science and Technology, Brisbane. 1988; B: 302-304.
(Place of the study: Helsinki, Finland).

Kawasaki K., Ito K.:
Medical and nutritional studies on the mineral salt «Pansalt".
Researches report 1995.
(Place of the study: Tokyo, Japan).

Omvik P., Myking O.L.:
Unchanged central hemodynamics after six months of moderate sodium restricition with or without potassium supplement in essential hypertension.
Blood Pressure 1995; 4: 32-41
(Place of the study: Bergen, Norway).

Neutel J.:
Replacing regular salt with a sodium-reduced, potassium- and magnesium-enriched mineral salt may offer a non-pharmacological approach to lowering blood pressure.
Abstracts of the Eleventh Scientific Meeting of the American Society of Hypertension.
(Places of the studies: Orange, CA, USA, and Tokyo, Japan, and Bergen, Norway)

Kawasaki K., Ito K.:
Clinical, nutritional and taste studies on a sodium-reduced, potassium- and magnesium-enriched mineral salt in hypertensive and normotensive individuals.
The American Journal of Geriatric Cardiology, 1996 (in the press)
(Place of the study: Tokyo, Japan).

Other scientific reports on the Pan Salt composition

Karppanen H.:
An antihypertensive salt: Crucial role of Mildred Seelig in its development.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1994; 13: 493-495

Mervaala E., Karppanen H.:
Dietary salt and blood pressure.
Lancet 1994; 343: 545-546

Karppanen H., Mervaala E.:
Adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy.
Canadian Journal of Cardiology 1995; 11: Suppl. D, 30D-31D.

Karppanen H., Mervaala E.:
Adherence to and population impact of non-pharmacological and pharmacological antihypertensive therapy.
Journal of Human Hypertension 1996; 10: Suppl (in the press).

Karppanen H.:
Epidemiological evidence for considering magnesium deficiency as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
Magnesium Bulletin 1990; 12: 80-86

Karppanen H.:
Minerals and blood pressure.
Annals of Medicine 1991; 23: 299-30